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<wcanhist update="May 6 2013">
	<vignette year="1670" month="5" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			King Charles II granted a charter to the 'Company of Adventurers of
			England trading into Hudson's Bay', an organization that eventually
			morphed into the Hudson's Bay Company.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1676" month="5" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James Knight, then a carpenter, entered employment with the Hudson's
			Bay Company, and is sent to James Bay.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1681" month="10" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Having returned from the Bay to London, James Knight, reports to the
			Hudson's Bay Company Committee on the Company's installations, trading conditions,
			and communities of Hudson's Bay.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1682" month="2" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James Knight appointed Chief Factor for Albany Fort on Hudson's Bay.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1684" month="3" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			In London, England, Henry Kelsey was apprenticed to the Hudson's Bay
			Company and was soon sent to Hudson Bay.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1691" month="8" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Henry Kelsey, having journeyed from York Factory, emerges from the edge
			of the woods onto the prairies. He is not impressed by the open lands.
			Kelsey is the first European known to have recorded his sight of the
			prairies.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1692" month="6" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James Knight appointed governor of all forts on Hudson's Bay, and sent
			to the Bay with orders to recover territory held by the French.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1693" month="6" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A military force under the command of James Knight sucessfully attacks and
			takes Albany Fort from the French.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1697" month="9" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Treaty of Ryswick signed between England and France. By this treaty, the countries
			were supposed to return to each other territory, including that around Hudson Bay, 
			held by the other at the start of the Nine Year's War. The provisions of the
			treaty were ignored around Hudson's Bay and England retained control of Albany
			Fort and the French of York Fort.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1713" month="3" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Treaty of Utrecht ending the War of Spanish Succession signed between England and 
			France. By this treaty, France undertook to return all territories around Hudson 
			Bay to England and pay indemnity for damages.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1714" month="9" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Following the provisions of the Treaty of Utrecht, James Knight, with his
			deputy Henry Kelsey, accepts the surrender of York Fort from the French 
			commander, Nicolas J&eacute;r&eacute;mie.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1714" month="11" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			After a chance encounter with some Hudson's Bay Company personnel, Thanadelthur, 
			also known as the Slave Woman in Hudson's Bay Company records,
			a Chipewyan woman, is brought to York Fort (York Factory) on the Hudson Bay coast. 
			She is starving and the last member of her band to remain alive.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1715" month="6" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Ay York Fort (York Factory), James Knight sends out William Stuart, with a party 
			of Crees and Thanadelthur, to attempt peace-making with the Chipewyan.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>	
	<vignette year="1716" month="5" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			William Stuart, accompanied by Thanadelthur, returns to York Fort (York Factory) from
			a long journey inland, in part to explore for a rumoured mine of yellow metal
			to the northwest.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1717" month="2" day="5">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Thanadelthur, also known as the Slave Woman in Hudson's Bay Company records,
			died at York Fort (York Factory) on the Hudson Bay coast.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1718" month="11" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			In London, James Knight meets with the Hudson's Bay Company Committee 
			with a plan to explore north of 64&deg;, look for sources of gold
			and copper, establish a whaling industry, and discover a route to the 
			Northwest Passage, then thought to be through an entrance called the 
			Strait of Anian.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1719" month="5" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Hudson Bay Company's Committee finally agree to James Knight's plan
			to explore north of 64&deg;. He is given two ships, the <I>Albany</I> and the 
			<I>Disovery</I>, for the expedition.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1719" month="6" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James Knight says farewell to the Hudson Bay Company's Committee  and Governor
			at Gravesend, and sets sail with the <I>Albany</I> and the <I>Disovery</I>
			to explore north of 64&deg;. He is never seen again and the ships are thought to
			have been wrecked. Much later, remains of the expedition are found on Marble
			Island, western Hudson Bay.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1741" month="8" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of Jean-Franc&ccedil;ois de Galaup, Comte de Lap&eacute;erouse, naval
			officer, in Albi, France.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1754" month="6" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Anthony Henday, with some Plains Cree companions, leaves York Factory
			on the Hudson Bay coast to travel inland to western Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1754" month="10" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Anthony Henday meets with the Archithinue, an Aboriginal group that may
			have been Blackfoot, and tries to persuade them to travel York Factory
			to trade. This meeting probably took place somewhere in the vicinity of
			Pine Lake, central Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1755" month="6" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Anthony Henday and his Cree companions arrive back in York Factory,
			having been almost exactly a year away.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1757" month="6" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of George Vancouver, naval officer and surveyor of the coast of
			western North America, in King's Lynn, Norfolk, England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1761" month="4" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of James Isham, Chief Factor at York Factory and an important early
			naturalist, at York Factory, Manitoba, at the age of about 45.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1769" month="8" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Peter Fidler, fur trader and surveyor, born in Bolsover, England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1770" month="4" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson, fur trader and surveyor, born in London, England,
			although of Welsh descent.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1771" month="10" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Joseph Isbister, Hudson's Bay Company Chief Factor, buried in Quebec
			City, Quebec. His dates of birth and death are not known exactly, but 
			he was likely around 60 years old at time of death.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1773" month="12" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Moses Norton, fur trader and Chief Factor of the Hudson's Bay Company,
			died at Prince of Wales's Fort (now Churchill, Manitoba) at the age of 
			about 38.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1778" month="4" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Philip Turnor, surveyor, engaged by the Hudson's Bay Company. He was
			probably in his mid twenties at the time.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1778" month="8" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Philip Turnor arrives at York Factory to begin his work as an
			inland surveyor for the Hudson's Bay Company.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1778" month="10" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Philip Turnor arrives at Cumberland House, Saskatchewan, as
			part of his first inland surveying assignment.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1779" month="11" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Andrew Wedderburn, later named Andrew Colvile, born England. He was 
			a Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1782" month="5" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A naval force, comprising three ships, the Sceptre. Astr&eacute;e,
			and Engageante, under the command of Jean-Franc&ccedil;ois de Galaup, 
			Comte de Lap&eacute;erouse, sets sail from Cap-Fran&ccedil;ais, Haiti,
			with orders to attack and capture the English posts on Hudson Bay.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1782" month="8" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The naval force under the command of Jean-Franc&ccedil;ois de Galaup, 
			Comte de Lap&eacute;erouse, arrives at the mouth of the Churchill River, on
			Hudson Bay, near Fort Prince of Wales. Lap&eacute;erouse disembarks some
			troops and prepares to march to the Fort.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1782" month="8" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Samuel Hearne surrenders Fort Prince of Wales to a French naval force under the
			command of Jean-Franc&ccedil;ois de Galaup, Comte de Lap&eacute;erouse.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1782" month="8" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The naval force under the command of Jean-Franc&ccedil;ois de Galaup, 
			Comte de Lap&eacute;erouse successfully attacks and captures York Factory
			on Hudson Bay.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1782" month="10" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Kwarakwante, later known as Louis Callihoo, born in Ganawake,
			near Montreal. He was among the Iroquois voyageurs who came west as
			a Fur Trade employee and stayed in Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1788" month="12" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			While wintering at Manchester House, David Thompson slips down a bank
			and breaks his leg. It takes almost a year to heal and during that time
			he meets Philip Turnor at Cumberland House and learns surveying.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1792" month="10" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			George Atkinson, Hudson's Bay Company Chief Factor, died at Eastmain Factory,
			Quebec, the post on the east shore of Hudson's Bay that he had commanded
			for many years.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1789" month="7" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Arctic Ocean, having travelled down the
			river that now bears his name, the Mackenzie River.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1793" month="7" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Alexander Mackenzie writes an inscription on a rock on the Pacific
			coast: 'Alexander Mackenzie, from Canada, by land, the twenty-second of
			July, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-three'.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1797" month="5" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson, fur trader and surveyor, joins the North West Company
			after thirteen years working for the Hudson's Bay Company.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1797" month="11" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and some companions set off from McDonnell's House, near
			the junction of the Souris and Assiniboine Rivers in southern Manitoba,
			intending to travel across the plains for about 200 miles to visit the
			Mandan villages on the upper Missouri.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1797" month="12" day="5">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his companions encounter a severe winter storm on
			the plains. Thompson uses his compass to guide them to shelter.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1797" month="12" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his companions arrive at an abandoned fur trade
			post, Ash House, on the Souris River.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1797" month="12" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his companions travel through a terrible winter
			storm. Thompson guides them by his compass. Darkness falls before they
			encounter some scrub and small oak trees that offer some shelter.
			Thompson remarks that 'I had weathered many a hard gale, but this was
			the most distressing day I had yet seen'.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1797" month="12" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his companions reach the Missouri River valley,
			after being delayed for several more days in severe winter snowstorms.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1797" month="12" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson arrives at a large Mandan village on the Missouri River.
			He notes that the journey had taken thirty-three days, due to bad
			weather, when normally it would take about ten. He stayed with the
			Mandan for about a month.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1798" month="2" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson arrives back at McDonnell's House, near the junction of
			the Assiniboine and Souris rivers, after spending a month with the
			Mandan on the Missouri River and completing a hazardous winter journey
			across the plains.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1798" month="2" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson leaves McDonnell's House to travel down the Assiniboine
			River valley to its junction with the Red River, surveying as he went.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1798" month="3" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson arrives at the junction of the Assiniboine and Red
			rivers. He turns south and continues surveying the Red River valley to
			the next trading house, operated by the North West Company under
			Charles Chaboillez.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1798" month="3" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			During his survey of the Red River valley, David Thompson arrives at a
			trading house, operated by the North West Company under Charles
			Chaboillez. Thompson finds that the house is just south of the 49th
			parallel.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1798" month="3" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Continuing his survey of the Red River valley, David Thompson arrives
			at Cadotte's House.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1798" month="4" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson arrives at Turtle Lake, which he determines to be the
			source of the Mississippi River. He notes abundant wild rice in the
			lakes and marshlands of the area.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1798" month="5" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of George Vancouver, naval officer and surveyor of the coast of
			western North America, in Petersham, Surrey, England, at the age of 40.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1798" month="5" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson reaches the west end of Lake Superior and begins a
			survey of 700 miles along the south shore.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1798" month="5" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson arrives at Sault Ste Marie on Lake Superior, where he
			meets up with Alexander Mackenzie and the next day William McGillivray.
			Mackenzie is very impressed by his surveying work and urges him to
			continue.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1799" month="3" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Matthew Cocking, Hudson's Bay Company employee best known for
			his travels in the western interior, in York, England, at the age of about
			56.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1799" month="6" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson marries Charlotte Small, daughter of an Indian woman and
			Patrick Small, a trader, in Isle &agrave; la Crosse, northern Saskatchewan.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1806" month="4" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Wedding day of Louis Riel's maternal grandparents, Jean-Baptiste
			Lagimodi&egrave;re and Marie-Anne Gaboury, in Trois-Rivi&egrave;res, Lower Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1807" month="6" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his crew reach Howse Pass, the main pass through the
			southern Rockies in the vicinity of Rocky Mountain House.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1807" month="6" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his crew reach the Columbia River on the west of the
			Rocky Mountains. He was to spend most of the next five years exploring
			the Columbia and its tributaries.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1810" month="3" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Andrew Colvile presents to the Hudson's Bay Company Board a 
			detailed plan for the reorganization of the Company's operations 
			in western Canada, designed to make the Company more competitive
			and efficient in the light of the threat from the North West
			Company.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1810" month="9" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Artist Paul Kane born in County Cork, Ireland.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1810" month="12" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his crew start working their way up the Athabasca
			River valley, somewhere in the vicinity of Jasper, preparatory to a
			winter crossing of the Rockies.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1811" month="1" day="5">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his crew are still working their way up the
			Athabasca River valley towards the pass. His men are very nervous about
			this area because they believe it is the haunt of mammoths.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1811" month="1" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his crew spend a cold night on the crest of the
			Athabasca Pass, before starting their descent on the west side of the
			mountains the next morning.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1811" month="6" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Robert Terrill Rundle, Wesleyan Methodist missionary, born in
			Mylor, Cornwall, England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1811" month="7" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson arrives at Astoria, near the mouth of the Columbia
			River, a trading post set up by John Jacob Astor's Pacific Fur Company.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1811" month="7" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson reaches the Pacific coast.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1812" month="5" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson crosses the Athabasca Pass from the Columbia (west) to
			the Athabasca (east) basins. This is his last crossing of the Rockies.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1812" month="5" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his crew arrive at Henry House, near Jasper, after
			crossing the Rockies by the Athabasca Pass.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1812" month="7" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson and his family arrive at Fort William, en route for
			Montreal. After his arrival in Montreal in mid-August, Thompson never
			again returned to the west.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1812" month="8" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first group of workmen (35 people) arrive at the Forks (now part of
			Winnipeg) from Scotland to start building the Selkirk Settlement.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1812" month="9" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Governor Miles Macdonnell officially takes possession of the land
			granted to Lord Selkirk to form the Selkirk Settlement by the Hudson's
			Bay Company.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1813" month="4" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Eug&egrave;ne Bourgeau, botanist with the Palliser Expedition, born
			in Brizon, France.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1814" month="5" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Alexander Henry the Younger, drowned in the Columbia
			River, near Astoria, Oregon. His date of birth is not known. He is
			best known for his journal of his life in the fur trade in western
			North America.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1815" month="9" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Andrew Graham, Chief Factor at Prince of Wales's Fort for 
			the Hudson's Bay Company and an important early naturalist, in Prestonpans,
			Scotland. His date of birth is not known.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1816" month="6" day="19">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Battle of Seven Oaks was a confrontation between a group of Red
			River M&eacute;tis, led by Cuthbert Grant, and a group of Selkirk  Settlement
			colonists, led by the governor, Robert Semple. In the ensuing conflict,
			Semple and twenty colonists were killed.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1817" month="1" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Captain John Palliser born in Dublin, Ireland.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1818" month="10" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			London Convention, by which the 49th parallel across the prairies, from
			Lake of the Woods to the continental divide, was defined as the
			boundary between Canada and the United States.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1820" month="3" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Alexander Mackenzie, fur trader and explorer, died in Scotland, aged
			about 56.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1821" month="3" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Amalgamation of rival fur trade enterprises, the Hudson's Bay Company
			and North West Company.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1821" month="6" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The amalgamation between the Hudson's Bay Company and the 
			North West Company takes effect.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1821" month="9" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of George McDougall, Methodist missionary, in Kingston, Ontario.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1822" month="12" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Peter Fidler, fur trader and surveyor, died in Dauphin Lake House,
			Manitoba, at the age of 53.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1822" month="1" day="19">
		<text><![CDATA[
			William Joseph Christie, Hudson's Bay Company factor, born in Fort Albany,
			Ontario.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1824" month="4" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Alexander Henry the Elder, fur trader, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
			at the age of about 84.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1825" month="10" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of William McGillivray, fur trader with the North West Company, 
			in London, England, at the age of about 61.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1827" month="2" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Albert Lacombe, later known as Father Lacombe, born in Saint-Sulpice,
			 Quebec, Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1829" month="2" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Vital-Justin Grandin, Oblate missionary, born in Pierre-sur-Orthe, France.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1829" month="3" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of William Tomison, fur trader with the Hudson's Bay Company, 
			in South Ronaldsay, one of the Orkney Islands, Scotland, at the age 
			of about 90.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1831" month="4" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			John Macoun born in County Down, Northern Ireland. Macoun was Dominion
			botanist with the Geological Survey of Canada and his glowing reports
			of the agricultural potential of the west were influential with the
			federal government in Ottawa.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1831" month="9" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Thomas Bland Strange, military officer best known as commander of the
			Alberta Field Force in the Northwest Rebellion, born in Meerut, India.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1833" month="6" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Garnet Wolseley, army officer, known for his role in the suppression
			of the Red River Rebellion, born in Golden Bridge House, County Dublin,
			Ireland.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1833" month="6" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Peter Erasmus born in the Red River Settlement, now Manitoba.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1834" month="3" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of Sir James Hector, geologist with the Palliser Expedition, in
			Edinburgh, Scotland.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1835" month="10" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Walter Cheadle, physician who accompanied Viscount Milton on his
			travels in western Canada in the early 1860s, born in Colne,
			Lancashire, England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1836" month="9" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James Macleod, second Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police,
			born in Drynoch, Isle of Skye, Scotland.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1837" month="12" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Acheson Irvine, third Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police,
			born in Quebec City.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1838" month="10" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Sir William Francis Butler, army officer and traveller best known as
			the writer of <i>The Great Lone Land</i>, born in Ballyslatteen, County
			Tipperary, Ireland.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1839" month="7" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			William Fitzwilliam, Viscount Milton, who travelled through western Canada 
			in the early 1860s accompanied by physician Walter Cheadle, born in 
			Wentworth Woodhouse, Yorkshire, England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1839" month="11" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Samuel Anderson, Chief Astronomer for the Boundary Survey, which defined
			the Canadian boundary across the prairies, born in London, England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1840" month="4" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of Lawrence Herchmer in Shipton-on-Cherwell, England. Herchmer
			was the Chief Commissary of the Boundary Commission for the prairies
			and later the fourth Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1840" month="5" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of James Walsh, North West Mounted Police officer and first
			Commissioner of the Yukon Territory, in Prescott, Ontario.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1840" month="10" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Reverend Robert Rundle, Wesleyan Methodist missionary, arrives
			in Edmonton, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1841" month="6" day="19">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Sir George Arthur French, first Commissioner of the North-West Mounted
			Police, born in Roscommon, Ireland.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1842" month="9" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of Elliott Coues in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA. Coues was the
			naturalist with the American contingent of the Boundary Commission,
			which defined the Canadian-US border across the Prairies. He wrote
			extensively about ornithology and natural history of the West.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1842" month="11" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Fred Stimson, rancher and manager of Bar U Ranch, born in Compton,
			Quebec.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1842" month="12" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			John McDougall, Methodist missionary, born in Sydenham, now Owen Sound,
			Ontario.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1844" month="1" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Marriage of Jean-Louis Riel and Julie Lagimodi&egrave;re, Louis Riel's
			parents, in St Boniface Cathedral, Red River district.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1844" month="10" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel, charismatic M&eacute;tis leader, born in the Red River valley, now
			part of Winnipeg.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="5" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane leaves Toronto, intending to travel to western Canada to
			paint portraits of Indians.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="6" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			En route from Fort Frances to Lake of the Woods, Paul Kane passes
			through an area, extending for 150 miles, where the trees had been
			defoliated by an immense infestation of caterpillars.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="6" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane arrives at the Red River Settlement, now the vicinity of
			Winnipeg. While there, he meets Cuthbert Grant, the M&eacute;tis leader.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="7" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane arrives at Norway House, the furthest north point of his
			travels.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="9" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane arrives at Fort Carlton. He meets with Mr Rundell (probably
			Rev. Robert Rundle), a missionary, who is also travelling back to
			Edmonton. Mr Rundell has brought his pet cat with him, which causes
			great interest and amusement to all.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="9" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane describes the operation of a bison pound, and attends a hunt
			at a pound not far from Fort Carlton.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="9" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Only two days out from Fort Carlton, Paul Kane describes an encounter
			with a herd of antelope or 'cabrees'.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="9" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Artist Paul Kane, accompanied by the Factor, Mr Rowand, arrives at Fort
			Edmonton from Fort Carlton. He spends several days at the fort,
			painting and sketching portraits of Indians visiting the fort.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="10" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			En route from Fort Edmonton to Fort Assiniboine, Paul Kane meets up
			with Colin Fraser, Sir George Simpson's piper. Fraser is also
			travelling to Jasper House, where he is in charge and lives with his
			family.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="10" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Travelling up the Athabasca River valley, Paul Kane has his first sight
			of the Rocky Mountains.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="11" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			In the midst of a winter storm, Paul Kane arrives at Jasper House and
			is cheered and warmed by a meal of 'five or six pounds' of mountain sheep meat,
			which he found good eating.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="11" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Now well into the Rockies, Paul Kane sees mountain goats for the first
			time. His interest in them is more gastronomic than artistic, but the
			goats get away!
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="11" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane and his companions reach the Height of Land, the Committee's
			Punch Bowl, at the crest of the Rockies, and camp for the night.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="11" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Having reached Boat Encampment, on the west of the mountains, in an
			exhausted and cold state the day before, Paul Kane and his group headed
			down river for Fort Vancouver.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1846" month="12" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane arrives in Fort Vancouver, on the Pacific coast, having
			travelled across the Rockies from the east.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1847" month="3" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane makes a sketch of Mount St Helens and while he is doing so
			sees a 'stream of white smoke' expelled from the crater, suggesting
			that the volcano was active at this time.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1847" month="4" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			After paddling in a canoe for a day and a night from Nisqually, Paul
			Kane arrives at Fort Victoria on Vancouver Island, where he stays for
			two months, sketching and painting the Indians of the island.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1847" month="6" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			William Christie becomes a clerk with the Hudson's Bay Company at
			York Factory.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1847" month="10" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane arrives back at Boat Encampment, heading east after his year
			in the Pacific coastal region.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1847" month="11" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			After a trying passage of the Rockies, Paul Kane arrives back at Jasper
			House and again thaws out and has a sustaining meal of mountain sheep
			meat.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1847" month="11" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			After a difficult journey by dog sled down the frozen Athabasca River,
			Paul Kane arrives at Fort Assiniboine and eats a huge meal of
			whitefish.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1847" month="12" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Much recovered after several days consuming whitefish and allowing his
			feet to heal, Paul Kane leaves Fort Assiniboine and heads for Fort
			Edmonton.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1847" month="12" day="5">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Artist Paul Kane arrives at Fort Edmonton. He spends the Christmas
			season at the Fort and is very impressed by the hospitality he
			receives. He notes the presence of coal outcropping in the North
			Saskatchewan River valley, near the Fort.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1847" month="12" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Christmas Dinner at Fort Edmonton: boiled buffalo hump, boiled buffalo
			calf, dried moose nose, whitefish browned in buffalo marrow, buffalo
			tongue, beavers' tails, roast wild goose, accompanied by potatoes,
			turnips, and bread. This feast was served for seven people and the menu
			reported by Paul Kane.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="1" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane is a guest at a wedding at Fort Edmonton. John Rowand's son
			was the groom, and the bride was the daughter of Mr Harriett, the chief at
			Fort Edmonton.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="1" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane accompanies a wedding party to Fort Pitt, travelling along
			the North Saskatchewan River by dog sled. One of his most famous
			paintings, 'Winter-travelling in Dog Sleds', records this journey.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="1" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane arrives at Fort Pitt, where he stays for a month, doing
			sketches of the Cree people who are the inhabitants of the area around
			the Fort.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="4" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane leaves Fort Edmonton to travel to Rocky Mountain House,
			wanting to meet with and paint portraits of the Blackfoot people.
			Travel was difficult because the ground was still snow-covered.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="4" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane arrives at Rocky Mountain House. He notes coal outcrops along
			the river bank.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="5" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane leaves Fort Edmonton, travelling downstream with the spring
			boat brigade, comprising 23 boats and 130 men, heading to Norway House.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="5" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The boat brigade, with Paul Kane, arrives at Fort Pitt, where two more
			boats join the entourage.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="6" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The boat brigade meets up with a large war party, consisting of
			Blackfoot, Blood, Sarcee, Gros Ventre, and Peigan people. Paul Kane
			gets his wish to paint portraits of Blackfoot chiefs. He witnesses
			horse racing and a medicine pipe-stem dance.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="6" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The boat brigade, with Paul Kane among them, cannot travel down the
			North Saskatchewan River because of snow and wind.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="6" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The boat brigade, with Paul Kane among them, arrives at Fort Carlton,
			where they stay for several days, concerned about impending conflict
			between the Blackfoot and Cree.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="6" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The boat brigade, with Paul Kane among them, arrives at Cumberland
			House and are joined by three more boats.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="6" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The boat brigade, with Paul Kane among them, arrives at the Pas. Kane
			meets Sir John Richardson and Dr Rae, who are heading west and north to
			the Mackenzie River to search for Sir John Franklin. Kane hears news of
			political events in Europe.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="6" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The boat brigade, with Paul Kane among them, arrives at Norway House,
			where the annual meeting of Chief Factors is taking place. Paul Kane
			paints the portrait of an Inuit man, thought to be 110 years old. Kane
			spears many sturgeon, and tries gold-eye, a type of fish, which he 
			finds unappetizing.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="8" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Heading back east, Paul Kane reaches Fort Frances, where he rests up
			for a few days before continuing his homeward journey.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1848" month="10" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Paul Kane arrives at Sault Ste Marie, where he considers his western
			journey to end, because the rest of the trip was made by steamer.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1849" month="1" day="5">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Colonel Sam Steele born in Purbrook, Ontario. Steele was a North West
			Mounted Police officer and a soldier and was involved in many of the
			significant late 19th century events in the West, including the Red
			River Rebellion, the Northwest Rebellion, and the Klondike Gold Rush.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1849" month="8" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of George Mercer Dawson in Pictou, Nova Scotia. Dawson was the
			geologist with the International Boundary Commission and later Director
			of the Geological Survey of Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1850" month="3" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Charles Doolittle Walcott, invertebrate palaeontologist associated with
			discovery of the fossils of the Burgess Shale, born in New York Mills,
			New York, USA.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1853" month="9" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, politician and journalist, born in Peel County, 
			Canada West (now Ontario).
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1854" month="5" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			John Rowand, formerly the factor at Fort Edmonton, died at Fort Pitt,
			Saskatchewan, aged about 57.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1856" month="2" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Andrew Wedderburn, later named Andrew Colvile, died at the age of 76. 
			He was 
			a Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1856" month="3" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			George Lane, rancher and owner of the Bar U Ranch, born near Des
			Moines, Iowa.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1856" month="7" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Pat Burns, rancher and entrepreneur, born in Oshawa, Ontario.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1856" month="10" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James Bird, fur trader, died in Red River settlement, Manitoba,
			at the age of about 73.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1856" month="11" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Captain John Palliser elected a member of the Royal Geographical
			Society, London.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1857" month="2" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of Alexander Rutherford, 1st Premier of Alberta and 1st Chancellor
			of University of Alberta, in Ormond, Ontario.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1857" month="2" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			David Thompson, fur trader and surveyor, died in Longueuil, Quebec,
			aged 86.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1858" month="5" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Hugh Stutfield, mountain climber, born in Kensington, London, England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1859" month="9" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			J. Norman Collie, mountain climber, born in Alderley Edge, Cheshire, England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1860" month="5" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Arthur Oliver Wheeler born in Ireland. Wheeler was the founder of the
			Alpine Club of Canada and one of the leaders of the Interprovincial
			Boundary Survey, defining the border between Alberta and British
			Columbia.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1860" month="6" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Captain John Palliser arrives back in Britain, landing in Liverpool.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1860" month="8" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Aylesworth Perry, fifth Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police,
			born in Violet, Ontario.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1863" month="5" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Viscount Milton and Walter Butler Cheadle arrive at Fort Edmonton. They
			were unimpressed by the Fort and were soon bored and eager to continue
			their journey.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1863" month="6" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Viscount Milton and Walter Butler Cheadle leave Fort Edmonton and
			continue their journey westwards to the Leather (now Yellowhead) Pass.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1864" month="1" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of Henry Marshall Tory, first President of the University of Alberta, 
			near Guysborough, Nova Scotia.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1864" month="1" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Jean-Louis Riel, Louis Riel's father, at the family home in
			Red River district, at age 46.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1866" month="1" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			John McDonald of Garth, North West Company trader, died at Gray's Creek,
			near Cornwall, Ontario, at the age of about 95.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1866" month="2" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			John Harriott, Hudson's Bay Company Chief Factor, died in Montreal,
			Quebec, at the age of about 68.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1866" month="6" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Sir James Hector, geologist with the Palliser Expedition, is elected a
			Fellow of the Royal Society, London.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1867" month="7" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Amelia (McLean) Paget born in Fort Simpson, now in Northwest Territories.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1869" month="2" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of Bill Peyto, mountain guide and Park Warden, in Welling, Kent, England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1869" month="12" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Formal transfer of the Hudson's Bay Company's lands to the Dominion of
			Canada. These lands, known as the North West Territory, comprised much
			of western and northern Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1870" month="3" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Execution of Thomas Scott by the M&eacute;tis in Fort Garry. Scott had been
			sentenced to death by a court martial. Louis Riel, leader of the
			Provisional Government, refused to intervene to prevent the execution.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1870" month="5" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Promulgation of the Manitoba Act, which created the province, which was
			then centred on the Red River settlement area.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1870" month="7" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Manitoba officially joins Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1870" month="10" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Flora McDougall, aged 11, at Victoria Mission, Alberta, from smallpox. 
			Flora was the youngest daughter of Methodist missionary George McDougall.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1870" month="11" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Georgina McDougall, aged 19, at Victoria Mission, Alberta, from smallpox. 
			Georgina was the eldest daughter of Methodist missionary George McDougall.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1871" month="2" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Artist Paul Kane died in Toronto, Ontario, aged 70.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1872" month="4" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Promulgation of the Dominion Lands Act, which provided lands for
			homesteaders in western Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1872" month="7" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Sanford Fleming and his small survey party reaches Fort Garry
			(Winnipeg) after leaving Toronto on July 16.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1872" month="8" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Sanford Fleming and his small survey party reaches Jasper House, west
			of Edmonton, after travelling from Fort Garry (Winnipeg) by cart and
			pack horse.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1872" month="9" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			First field meeting for the staff members of the British-Canadian and
			American Boundary Commission takes place on the banks of the Red River near
			Pembina.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1872" month="9" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			John McDougall, Methodist missionary, marries his second wife, Elizabeth
			Ann Boyd, in Cape Rich, Ontario.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1872" month="9" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			American contingent of the Boundary Commission left Fort Pembina to
			begin their work on the boundary survey.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1872" month="10" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			British and Canadian contingent of the Boundary Commission left Pembina
			to begin their work on the boundary survey.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1873" month="5" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The bill to create the North West Mounted Police received royal assent.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1873" month="6" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			American wolfers attack a group of Assiniboine people camped in the
			Battle Creek valley, on the south slope of the Cypress Hills, Alberta.
			At least 23 Assiniboine people were killed in what came to be known as
			the Cypress Hills Massacre. This was one of the precipitating events
			for establishment of the authority of the North West Mounted Police in
			western Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1873" month="10" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			George Arthur French appointed first Commissioner of the North-West
			Mounted Police by Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1874" month="7" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The North West Mounted Police, led by Colonel French, ride out of
			Dufferin, Manitoba, and begin their march west to Alberta to stamp out
			the whisky trade.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1874" month="9" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			First signatures placed on Treaty 4. The signing took place at Fort
			Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1874" month="10" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Colonel Macleod and a detachment of North West Mounted Police arrived
			at Fort Whoop-up, a notorious whisky post in southern Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1874" month="10" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Boundary Commission field crew rode back into Dufferin, having
			completed their survey work along the 49th parallel across the
			prairies.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1874" month="10" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The 49th Rangers, Canadians who worked as scouts for the Boundary
			Commission, disbanded in Dufferin.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1874" month="10" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			With field work completed, Chief Astronomer Samuel Anderson of the
			Boundary Commission leaves Dufferin and heads for Ottawa to complete
			the mapping and reports.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1874" month="11" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Back in Dufferin with the field work completed, Chief Commissioner
			Donald Cameron writes his report and sends it to the Foreign Office in
			London.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1875" month="6" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			British Royal Engineers officers Anderson, Featherstonhaugh, and
			Galwey, having completed their work for the Boundary Commission, leave
			Quebec City by ship, bound for England.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1875" month="7" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Extradition hearing for seven men accused in the Cypress Hills Massacre
			held in Helena, Montana. Evidence given by Abe Farwell was so
			contradictory that the judge declined to issue an extradition order and
			the men were freed.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1876" month="1" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of George McDougall, Methodist missionary, in a winter blizzard,
			somewhere near Fort Calgary, Alberta, at the age of 54.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1876" month="3" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Captain Samuel Anderson, Chief Astronomer to the Boundary Commission,
			reads his paper on 'The North-American Boundary from the Lake of the
			Woods to the Rocky Mountains' at a meeting of the Royal Geographical
			Society, London.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1876" month="5" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Boundary Commission reports signed in London, England, by Cameron and
			Anderson for the Canadian and British side and by Campbell and Twining
			for the American side.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1876" month="7" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			George Arthur French resigned as first Commissioner of the North-West
			Mounted Police.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1876" month="7" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James Macleod appointed second Commissioner of the North-West Mounted
			Police.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1876" month="8" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			First set of signatures to Treaty 6. The signing took place at Fort
			Carlton, Saskatchewan.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1877" month="1" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			William Fitzwilliam, Viscount Milton, who travelled through western Canada 
			in the early 1860s accompanied by physician Walter Cheadle, died in 
			Rouen, France, at the age of 37.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1877" month="5" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Queen Victoria bestows the CMG (Companion of the Order of St Michael
			and St George) on Captain Donald Cameron and Captain Samuel Anderson of
			the Boundary Commission and also Captain John Palliser.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1877" month="9" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			First signatures placed on Treaty 7. The signing took place at Blackfoot
			Crossing, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1880" month="8" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			John Macoun observed flourishing crops of wheat, barley, oats, and
			potatoes on a farm near Maple Creek, Saskatchewan. His enthusiastic
			assessment of the agricultural potential of the region based on the
			apparent productivity of this farm did much to sway public opinion
			towards encouraging settlement.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1880" month="10" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James Macleod resigned as second Commissioner of the North-West Mounted
			Police.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1880" month="11" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Acheson Irvine appointed third Commissioner of the North-West Mounted
			Police.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1880" month="12" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first issue of the <I>Edmonton Bulletin</I> rolls off the presses. The
			newspaper was founded by local businessmen Frank Oliver and Alex Taylor.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1881" month="4" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Wedding day of Louis Riel and Marguerite Monet. They were married in
			Flat Willow Creek, a M&eacute;tis winter camp, in Montana, USA.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1881" month="9" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Samuel Anderson, Chief Astronomer for the Boundary Survey, which defined
			the Canadian boundary across the prairies, died in Bonnyrigg, Scotland,
			at the age of 41.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1881" month="12" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Promulgation of the amended Dominion Lands Act, which made provision
			for grazing leases in western Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1883" month="8" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Conrad Kain, alpinist and climbing guide, born in Nasswald, Austria.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1884" month="5" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			M&eacute;tis and other settlers from the St Laurent area meet at the
			Lindsay school house and decide to send a delegation to Montana to ask
			Louis Riel to return to Canada and help them with their grievances
			against the Canadian government.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1884" month="6" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A delegation of four men (Gabriel Dumont, James Isbister, Moise
			Ouellette, and Michel Dumas) who had travelled from St Laurent,
			Saskatchewan, met with Louis Riel at the St Peter's Mission, Montana,
			and persuade him to return to Canada and help the M&eacute;tis in their
			grievances against the Canadian government, especially with respect to
			land rights.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1884" month="6" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel, with his wife and son, leaves St Peter's Mission, Montana,
			to travel back to Canada, with the four M&eacute;tis delegates from St
			Laurent.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1884" month="7" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel arrives at Batoche, having travelled from Montana, and
			immediately begins to familiarize himself with the grievances of the
			M&eacute;tis in central Saskatchewan.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1884" month="7" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			After returning to northwest Canada from Montana, Louis Riel addresses
			his first public meeting, held at Charles Nolin's house at St Louis de
			Langevin, about 15 miles north of Batoche.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1884" month="7" day="19">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel addresses a public meeting in Prince Albert, presenting his
			ideas on the future of the Northwest.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1884" month="10" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A petition compiled by the M&eacute;tis, with Louis Riel's help,
			outlining their grievances and demands for rectification, was completed
			and sent to the dominion government in Ottawa. No acknowledgement of
			its receipt or any substantive response is ever received.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1884" month="12" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Henry Bird Steinhauer, Methodist missionary, at Whitefish Lake,
			Alberta, at the age of about 66.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="1" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A huge New Year celebration in honour of Louis Riel is held by the
			M&eacute;tis of St Laurent and surrounding communities. The year of the
			Northwest Rebellion begins with good cheer, and much hope and optimism
			for better times ahead.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="1" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			In response to demands by M&eacute;tis, the federal government sets up
			the Halfbreed Land Claims Commission, which severely limited who might
			be eligible for land grants in the Northwest.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Details of the federal government's Halfbreed Land Claims Commission
			become known to the M&eacute;tis in the St Laurent area and cause much
			bitterness and sense of betrayal.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="5">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel and ten other M&eacute;tis, including Gabriel Dumont, meet
			and sign a 'revolutionary oath' devised by Riel. This increased
			militancy is a sign of increasing frustration with the lack of
			responsiveness of the federal government.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Having heard from the Dominion Land Office in Prince Albert about the
			rules and consequent difficulties of getting title to their lands, the
			M&eacute;tis met in St Laurent village. Louis Riel proposed the establishment
			of a provisional government to settle the land questions.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Major Crozier with fifty Northwest Mounted Police troopers left Prince
			Albert for Fort Carlton, as a result of rumours of M&eacute;tis unrest.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Major Crozier and his fifty Northwest Mounted Police troopers arrive at
			Fort Carlton, prepared to deal with M&eacute;tis unrest.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Alarmed at the news that the Northwest Mounted Police were going to
			arrest Riel, the M&eacute;tis meet at Batoche and decide to take up
			arms to defend themselves. The Northwest Rebellion had begun.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Colonel Irvine, commander of the Northwest Mounted Police, sets out
			from Regina to Prince Albert with a force of one hundred men to deal
			with M&eacute;tis unrest.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald calls up the militia and sends a
			force west under the command of Major-General Frederick Middleton to
			deal with M&eacute;tis unrest.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Gabriel Dumont and a group of M&eacute;tis have a confrontation with a
			small group of Northwest Mounted Police at the village of Duck Lake,
			between Batoche and Fort Carlton. The NWMP returned to Fort Carlton.
			Later that day, Major Crozier returned with about 100 men. Their
			encounter with the M&eacute;tis rapidly escalated to violence and 12 of
			Crozier's men and 5 M&eacute;tis were killed, before the NWMP retreated back
			to Fort Carlton. This was the first major bloodshed of the Northwest
			Rebellion and became known as the 'Battle of Duck Lake'. Colonel Irvine
			and his men arrived at Fort Carlton later that day. Major Crozier was
			later reprimanded for his impetuous actions.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Deciding that Fort Carlton is not defendable, Colonel Irvine orders all
			personnel to travel to Prince Albert.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="3" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A large group of Cree people, led by Poundmaker, arrived at Battleford.
			Hungry and frustrated, they looted some houses in a search for food and
			supplies.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="4" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frog Lake Massacre, one of the defining events of the North West
			Rebellion. Some young warriors from Big Bear's band kill the Indian
			Agent, Thomas Quinn, and eight other people.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="4" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			General Middleton leaves Qu'Appelle with about 400 men and marches to
			Humboldt, Saskatchewan, south of Batoche.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="4" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			General Middleton and his troops arrive in Humboldt, Saskatchewan, en
			route to Batoche.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="4" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Big Bear and about 250 Cree visit Fort Pitt, to speak to the Chief Trader,
			William J. McLean, and request that he meet with them at the Cree camp.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="4" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			First fighting between General Middleton's forces and the M&eacute;tis,
			under the command of Gabriel Dumont, at Fish Creek, south of Batoche.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="5" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Battle of Cut Knife Hill, Saskatchewan, was another skirmish in the
			North West Rebellion. A clash between troops led by Colonel William
			Otter and Cree forces led by Poundmaker. Otter was forced to retreat to
			Battleford.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="5" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Intense fighting between General Middleton's forces and the
			M&eacute;tis, under the command of Gabriel Dumont, at Batoche. The
			steamer 'Northcote', with a contingent of artillery aboard, was
			disabled and took no further part in the battle.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="5" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Battle of Batoche continues, with the M&eacute;tis starting to run out
			of ammunition.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="5" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Battle of Batoche continues, and the M&eacute;tis positions are
			over-run by General Middleton's troops. By early evening, most of the
			M&eacute;tis are fugitives.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="5" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Following defeat at the Battle of Batoche, many M&eacute;tis families
			turn themselves in to General Middleton's troops. Middleton arrests and
			imprisons men he considers to be M&eacute;tis leaders. Both Louis Riel and
			Gabriel Dumont are still at large.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="5" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			In late afternoon, Louis Riel surrenders to General Middleton's troops.
			After questioning by Middleton, he was handed over into the custody of
			Captain George Young, who would escort him to Regina to stand trial.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="5" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first Canadian Pacific Railway Company through train from Montreal
			arrives in Winnipeg with 299 men of the Montreal Garrison Artillery to
			reinforce troops dealing with the second Riel rebellion.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="5" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel and his escort arrive in Regina. Riel is handed over to the
			custody of Inspector R. Burton Deane and imprisoned in the North West
			Mounted Police guardhouse.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="5" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Confrontation between Big Bear's band of Cree and the Field Force at
			Frenchman Butte.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="6" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The McLean family are allowed to leave Big Bear's Cree band and 
			return to Fort Pitt.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="6" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			After an exhausting and tense couple of months held hostage by
			Big Bear's Cree band, the McLean family arrive back at Fort Pitt.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="7" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel taken from prison to the Regina Courthouse to be formally
			charged with treason for his part in the Northwest Rebellion.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="7" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Following the collapse of the Riel Rebellion at the Battle of Batoche
			on May 9, a bill to aid the CPR clears the House. (The CPR had moved
			troops from the east to Qu'appelle, the station nearest the uprising.)
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="7" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel has his first meeting with members of his defence team,
			including two lawyers from Quebec, who have just arrived in Regina. The
			lawyers, Francois-Xavier Lemieux and Charles Fitzpatrick, come away
			from the meeting convinced that Riel is not of sound mind.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="7" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel's trial for treason begins in Regina in the Scarth building,
			temporarily designated as a courtroom.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="8" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Louis Riel's trial concludes. After a short interval for consideration
			the six-man jury finds him guilty and the judge, Hugh Richardson,
			sentences him to death.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="11" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The last spike on the Canadian Pacific Railway Company's
			transcontinental line is driven at Craigellachie in Eagle Pass (30
			miles west of Revelstoke, B.C.) at 9:30 am. Major Rogers held the plain
			iron spike for Donald Smith to drive. Van Horne spoke the only
			'official' words: 'All I can say is that the work has been well done in
			every way.'
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="11" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			After several postponements of the execution, Louis Riel, charismatic
			M&eacute;tis leader, was hanged in Regina jail, aged 41.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1885" month="12" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Funeral for Louis Riel is held in St Boniface Cathedral, Winnipeg. The
			event was an occasion for public display of grief by the M&eacute;tis
			community.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1886" month="1" day="19">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Coldest day on record in Edmonton. Thermometers registered a temperature
			of -49.47&deg;C.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1886" month="3" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Acheson Irvine resigned as third Commissioner of the North-West Mounted
			Police.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1886" month="4" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Lawrence Herchmer appointed fourth Commissioner of the North-West
			Mounted Police by Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1886" month="5" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Marguerite Riel, Louis Riel's widow, dies of tuberculosis, six months
			after his execution.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1886" month="7" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Poundmaker, influential Cree leader, died at Blackfoot Crossing, Alberta, at
			the age of about 44.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1886" month="11" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A large fire swept through Calgary, causing widespread destruction, exacerbated
			because most buildings were built from wood. Fourteen 
			buildings were destroyed in the fire or attempts to control it.  
			Following this, the city officials decreed that downtown buildings should be
			constructed of sandstone, giving the city centre its distinctive character.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1887" month="6" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Promulgation of the Rocky Mountains Park Act established the Rocky Mountains Park,
			the precursor to Banff National Park.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1887" month="8" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Captain John Palliser died in Ireland, aged 70.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1888" month="1" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A sudden intense blizzard strikes the northern Great Plains. This
			became known as the 'Schoolchildren's Blizzard' because so many
			children died when they were sent home from prairie schools. North and
			South Dakota and Nebraska were badly hit by this storm.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1888" month="1" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Big Bear, influential Cree leader, died at Poundmaker Reserve, Cut Knife, Saskatchewan,
			at the age of about 63.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1890" month="1" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Samuel Steele and Marie Elizabeth de Lotbini&egrave;re Harwood were
			married in Vaudreuil, Quebec.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1891" month="7" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first Calgary and Edmonton Railway train reaches the south bank of
			the North Saskatchewan River at a point called Strathcona, across the
			river from Edmonton.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1891" month="7" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Donald Ross, a pioneer settler in the Strathcona area, drives the last
			spike on the Calgary and Edmonton Railway.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1892" month="11" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Two boys, Moran Cochrane and Harold Walton, are caught out and die on
			the prairies near Medicine Hat in a sudden winter blizzard. The boys
			had gone out on horseback to round up stray cattle.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1892" month="12" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James (Jimmy Jock) Bird, M&eacute;tis fur trader and interpreter,
			died on the Blackfeet Reservation, Montana, USA, at the age of about
			94.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1893" month="11" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first Canadian Pacific Railway Company locomotive enters Lethbridge
			(Alberta) following the rebuilding by CPR to standard gauge of the
			narrow-gauge Alberta Railway and Coal Company Dunmore-to-Lethbridge
			line. The CPR had agreed to lease the line with the option of
			purchasing it outright at the end of the lease in 1897 (which it will
			do).
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1894" month="9" day="5">
		<text><![CDATA[
			James Macleod, second Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police,
			died in Calgary, Alberta, at the age of 57.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1896" month="2" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Robert Terrill Rundle, Wesleyan Methodist missionary, died in
			Garstang, Yorkshire, England, at the age of 74.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1896" month="4" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			WWI flying ace and bush pilot Wop May born in Carberry, Manitoba.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1896" month="6" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, politician and journalist, elected to Parliament 
			for the first time, to represent Alberta (Provisional District), 
			Northwest Territories. 
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1898" month="8" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			J. Norman Collie and Hermann Woolley completed the first ascent of
			Mount Athabasca, and thereby discovered the extent of the Columbia Icefield.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1899" month="1" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Aviator and bush pilot Punch Dickins born in Portage La Prairie, Manitoba.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1899" month="6" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			First signatures placed on Treaty 8. The signing took place near Grouard,
			Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1899" month="10" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			William Joseph Christie, Hudson's Bay Company factor, died in Seeleys
			Bay, Ontario, at the age of 75.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1899" month="12" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Elliott Coues in Baltimore, Maryland, USA, at the age of 57.
			Coues was the naturalist with the American contingent of the Boundary
			Commission, which defined the Canadian-US border across the Prairies.
			He wrote extensively about ornithology and natural history of the West.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1900" month="8" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Lawrence Herchmer forcibly resigned as fourth Commissioner of the
			North-West Mounted Police by Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1900" month="8" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Aylesford Perry appointed fifth Commissioner of the North-West Mounted
			Police by Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1900" month="11" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, politician and journalist, elected to Parliament 
			for the second time, to represent Alberta (Provisional District), 
			Northwest Territories. 
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1900" month="11" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The St Mary's River Railway Company opens its narrow-gauge
			Stirling-to-Spring Coulee line (Alberta) in order to better serve the
			Mormon settlers.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1901" month="3" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of George Mercer Dawson in Ottawa, Ontario, at the age of 51.
			Dawson was the geologist with the International Boundary Commission and
			later Director of the Geological Survey of Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1902" month="6" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Father Vital-Justin Grandin, Oblate missionary, died in St Albert,
			Alberta, at the age of 72.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1902" month="8" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of Grant MacEwan, the 9th Lieutenant Governor of Alberta, in
			Brandon, Manitoba.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1902" month="10" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first Edmonton, Yukon and Pacific train consists of Canadian
			Northern Mogul #26, a flatcar, a boxcar and a day-coach. It reaches the
			small Edmonton station at 4 p.m. making it the first train into the
			city.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1903" month="4" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A large section of Turtle Mountain slid downslope and buried the mining
			town of Frank, Alberta, killing at least 70 people.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1904" month="10" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Edmonton officially declared a city.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1904" month="11" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, politician and journalist, elected to Parliament 
			for the third time, to represent Edmonton, Northwest Territories (now Alberta). 
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1905" month="4" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, politician and journalist, appointed Minister of the Interior and
			Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs by Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1905" month="4" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, politician and journalist, elected to Parliament 
			for the fourth time, winning a by-election to represent Edmonton, 
			Northwest Territories (now Alberta). 
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1905" month="7" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of James Walsh, North West Mounted Police officer and first
			Commissioner of the Yukon Territory, in Brockville, Ontario, at the age
			of 65.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1905" month="9" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Alberta and Saskatchewan both become provinces of Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1905" month="11" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			On this cold, wind-swept day, the first Canadian Northern Railway train
			from the east, the track layer, arrives in downtown Edmonton.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1905" month="12" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Canadian Northern Railway main line reaches Edmonton where the
			steel is linked to that laid under the auspices of the Edmonton, Yukon
			and Pacific Railway. Lieutenant-Governor George Bulyea drives the last
			spike. Consequently, the first locomotive whistle out of the east is
			heard in Strathcona, the southern suburb of Edmonton, on the opposite
			bank of the North Saskatchewan River.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1906" month="5" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Founding of the University of Alberta, in Edmonton, the first university
			in the province.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1906" month="5" day="19">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Gabriel Dumont, one the main M&eacute;tis leaders in the Northwest
			Rebellion, in Bellevue, Saskatchewan, at the age 66.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1907" month="6" day="16">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Edmonton, Yukon and Pacific, controlled by the Canadian Northern
			Railway, opens its Edmonton-to-Stony Plains (later changed to Stony
			Plain) line.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1907" month="8" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Ground-breaking and construction begins for Alberta's new Legislature Building in Edmonton
			on a site purchased from the Hudson's Bay Company that was immediately adjacent to
			Fort Edmonton.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1907" month="9" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Establishment of Jasper Forest Park, the precursor to Jasper National
			Park.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1907" month="11" day="5">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Sir James Hector, geologist with the Palliser Expedition, in
			Wellington, New Zealand, at the age of 73.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1908" month="1" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Canadian Pacific Railway Company's Empress Hotel opens in Victoria,
			British Columbia.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1908" month="10" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, politician and journalist, elected to Parliament 
			for the fifth time, representing Edmonton, Alberta. 
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1909" month="5" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Edmonton, Yukon and Pacific Railway amalgamates with the Canadian
			Northern Railway in order for the CNoR to secure a subsidy for their
			extension from Stony Plains south to the coalfields near the Brazeau
			River.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1909" month="6" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The superstructure of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company's 5327 foot
			long, 314 foot high Lethbridge Viaduct is completed.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1909" month="10" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A time capsule was placed in a cavity beneath the 
			cornerstone of Alberta's Legislature Building. The granite cornerstone
			was laid by the Governor General of Canada, Earl Grey.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1910" month="3" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Walter Cheadle, physician who accompanied Viscount Milton on his
			travels in western Canada in the early 1860s, died in London,
			England, at the age of 74.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1910" month="6" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Sir William Francis Butler, army officer and traveller best known as
			the writer of <i>The Great Lone Land</i>, died in Bansha Castle, County
			Tipperary, Ireland, at the age of 71.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1910" month="8" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier drives the first spike for the Alberta
			Central Railway at Red Deer.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1911" month="9" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, politician and journalist, elected to Parliament 
			for the sixth time, representing Edmonton, Alberta. This was his last
			successful election campaign. He was defeated in two subsequent attempts
			at re-election, in 1917 and 1921.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1911" month="10" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, politician and journalist, ceased to hold cabinet posts as 
			Minister of the Interior and Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs.
			Although he remains in Parliament for another six years, his influence
			in Ottawa begins to wane.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1912" month="1" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Fred Stimson, rancher and manager of Bar U Ranch, died in Montreal,
			Quebec, at the age of 69.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1912" month="9" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Official opening of Alberta's new Legislature Building in Edmonton.
			The building was opened by the Governor General of Canada, His Royal Highness the
			Duke of Connaught.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1913" month="3" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of artist Luke Lindoe, in Bashaw, Alberta. He was best known for his work in
			clay, as well as his paintings, but he also created several architectural 
			artworks, including the Petroglyph Wall on the south side of the Royal Alberta 
			Museum building in Edmonton.	
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1913" month="3" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			First branch of the Edmonton Public Library opened to the public.	
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1913" month="3" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Garnet Wolseley, army officer, known for his role in the suppression
			of the Red River Rebellion, died in Menton, France, at the age of 79.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1913" month="6" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first train crosses the High-Level Bridge into Edmonton proper. The
			bridge is 2478 feet long and about 160 feet above the North
			Saskatchewan River. It was built by the Canadian Pacific Railway
			Company to extend its Calgary and Edmonton line on the south side of
			the river to its new station on the north side.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1913" month="8" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of artist Clarence Tillenius, in Sandridge, Manitoba. 
			He was well known for his work on museum dioramas.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1914" month="4" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Canadian Pacific Railway Company president Sir Thomas Shaughnessy
			officially opens the company's new dam, near Bassano, Alberta, and its
			connecting canal system. The CPR built the irrigation system to
			encourage settlers to farm the area near its lines.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1914" month="5" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Drilling of Dingman No. 1 well at Turner Valley hit 'wet gas', gas
			mixed with other hydrocarbons.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1914" month="6" day="19">
		<text><![CDATA[
			189 miners died in an underground explosion at the Hillcrest Mine,
			Crowsnest Pass, Alberta. This remains Canada's worst mining disaster.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1915" month="1" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The last spike is driven at Basque, British Columbia, by Sir William
			Mackenzie on the Canadian Northern Railway Edmonton-to-Vancouver main
			line.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1915" month="2" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Lawrence Herchmer in Vancouver, British Columbia, at the age
			of 74. Herchmer was the Chief Commissary of the Boundary Commission for
			the prairies and later the fourth Commissioner of the North-West
			Mounted Police.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1915" month="6" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			North Saskatchewan River in flood, and causes great damage to homes and
			businesses along the river valley flats in Edmonton. A train weighed down with
			sandbags was sent onto the Low Level Bridge, to try to hold it in place.
			The attempt was successful and the bridge did not wash away.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1915" month="12" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Andy Russell, outfitter and conservationist especially noted for raising public
			awareness of grizzly bears, born near Lethbridge, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1916" month="1" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Acheson Irvine, third Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police,
			died at the age of 79.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1916" month="12" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Father Albert Lacombe died in Midnapore, Alberta, at the age of 89.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1917" month="1" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			John McDougall, Methodist missionary, died in Calgary, Alberta, at
			the age of 74.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1918" month="1" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			While in Britain, Samuel Steele is appointed Knight Commander of the 
			Order of St Michael and	St George.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1918" month="7" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Air mail service in western Canada begins with a flight from Calgary to
			Edmonton when Katherine Stinson flew a Curtiss Special Biplane, with
			mail aboard, between the cities.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1919" month="1" day="30">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Sir Samuel Steele, in London, England, at age 70. Steele was a
			North West Mounted Police officer and a soldier and was involved in
			many of the significant late 19th century events in the West, including
			the Red River Rebellion, the Northwest Rebellion, and the Klondike Gold
			Rush.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1919" month="5" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Beginning of the Winnipeg General Strike.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1919" month="6" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			End of the Winnipeg General Strike.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1919" month="9" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Prince of Wales (later King Edward VIII) visited the Bar U Ranch,
			hosted by George Lane.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1920" month="3" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of artist John Weaver, in Anaconda, Montana, USA. Well known for his sculptures in
			bronze, he created three large bronze artworks for the lobby while working as
			the Provincial Museum of Alberta's resident sculptor, 1966-1971.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1920" month="7" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			John Macoun died in British Columbia, aged 90. Macoun was Dominion
			botanist with the Geological Survey of Canada and his glowing reports
			of the agricultural potential of the west were influential with the
			federal government in Ottawa.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1920" month="7" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Alberta government agrees to sustain the Alberta and Great
			Waterways Railway Company with the premier, Charles Stewart, becoming
			its nominal president.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1920" month="9" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Helen Hunley, politician and the first female Lieutenant Governor of
			Alberta, born in Acme, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1921" month="7" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Sir George Arthur French, first Commissioner of the North-West Mounted
			Police, died in London, England, at the age of 80.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1921" month="11" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Birth of aviator and airline owner Max Ward in Edmonton, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1921" month="12" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Donald Roderick Cameron, British Chief Commissioner for the Boundary
			Survey across the prairies, died in Dingwall, Scotland, at the age of 87.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1922" month="7" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Amelia (McLean) Paget died in Ottawa, Ontario, at the age of 54.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1923" month="3" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Aylesford Perry resigned as fifth Commissioner of the North-West
			Mounted Police after 23 years. He is the longest-serving Commissioner
			of the NWMP or its successor, the RCMP.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1923" month="4" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Aylesford Perry retired after 41 years of service with the North-West
			Mounted Police, 23 as Commissioner.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1925" month="5" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Lawrence D. Halmrast born in Raymond, Alberta. He donated a large
			firearms collection to the Provincial Museum of Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1925" month="7" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Thomas Bland Strange, military officer best known as commander of the
			Alberta Field Force in the Northwest Rebellion, died in Camberley, 
			England, at the age of 93.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1925" month="9" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			George Lane, rancher and owner of the Bar U Ranch, died at the ranch,
			near Pekisko, Alberta, at the age of 69.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1927" month="2" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Charles Doolittle Walcott, invertebrate palaeontologist associated with
			discovery of the fossils of the Burgess Shale, died in Washington, DC,
			USA, at the age of 76.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1928" month="1" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Wop May and co-pilot Vic Horner leave Edmonton in an Avro Avian, heading for
			Fort Vermilion in northern Alberta with medicine to help with a diphtheria
			outbreak in the small community of Little Red River.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1928" month="1" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Wop May and co-pilot Vic Horner, flying an Avro Avian, arrive in Fort Vermilion 
			in northern Alberta with medicine to help with a diphtheria outbreak in the small 
			community of Little Red River.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1929" month="4" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Hugh Stutfield, mountain climber, died in Westminster, London, England,
			at the age of 70.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1931" month="1" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first Northern Alberta Railways Company train reaches the new town
			of Dawson Creek, British Columbia, following the completion of the
			extension from Hythe, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1931" month="5" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Peter Erasmus died at Whitefish Lake, Alberta, aged 97.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1932" month="2" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Participating in the hunt for Albert Johnson, the Mad Trapper of Rat River,
			in the Eagle River area of the Yukon, Wop May spots Johnson's tracks in the 
			snow, thus helping the RCMP to catch up with him and attempt an arrest.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1932" month="2" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			In the Eagle River area of the Yukon, RCMP officers catch up with Albert 
			Johnson, the Mad Trapper of Rat River. Johnson is killed in a shoot-out 
			with the police, leaving the mystery of	who he really was and why he 
			'went rogue' unsolved.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1932" month="12" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Violence breaks out between protesters and police as the police attempt to stop
			a Hunger March from Market Square, now the location of the Milner Library, to 
			the Legislature to protest the	unemployment, poverty and suffering associated 
			with the Great Depression.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1933" month="3" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Frank Oliver, Edmonton politician and journalist, died in Ottawa, 
			at the age of 79.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1933" month="12" day="5">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of 8-year-old Jackie Bates, killed by his parents in a botched
			murder-suicide attempt in the Eagle Hills of central Saskatchewan, an
			event that is examined by historian Bill Waiser in his book <I>Who Killed Jackie Bates? 
			Murder and Mercy During the Great Depression</I>.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1934" month="2" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Conrad Kain, alpinist and climbing guide, died in Cranbrook, British Columbia,
			at the age of 50.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1937" month="2" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Pat Burns, rancher and entrepreneur, died in Calgary, Alberta, at the
			age of 80.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1939" month="6" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Canadian National Railways' 4-8-2 Mountain 6047 departs Jasper
			station on its way to Edmonton pulling the royal train of King George
			VI and Queen Elizabeth.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1941" month="6" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Alexander Rutherford, 1st Premier of Alberta and 1st Chancellor
			of the University of Alberta, in Edmonton, Alberta, at the age of 84.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1942" month="11" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			J. Norman Collie, mountain climber, died on the Isle of Skye, Scotland,
			at the age of 82.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1942" month="11" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Ralph Klein, Premier of Alberta (1992-2006), born in Calgary, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1942" month="11" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A record-breaking blizzard strikes Edmonton, dumping about 20 inches 
			(50 cm) of snow on the city overnight.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1943" month="3" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Bill Peyto, mountain guide and Park Warden, died in Banff, Alberta, 
			at the age of 74.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1943" month="9" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			As part the movement of materi&eacute;l along the Northwest Staging Route 
			to Siberia, 860 American war planes	land in Edmonton. At the time,
			Edmonton airport was one of the busiest airports in the world.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1945" month="5" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Arthur Oliver Wheeler died in Banff, Alberta, aged 75. Wheeler was the
			founder of the Alpine Club of Canada and one of the leaders of the
			Interprovincial Boundary Survey, defining the border between Alberta
			and British Columbia.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1946" month="11" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Vern Hunter and his crew spud in (i.e., start drilling) Leduc No. 1
			well on Mike Turta's farm.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1947" month="2" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Henry Marshall Tory, first President of the University of Alberta, 
			in Ottawa, Ontario, at the age of 83.
		]]></text>
    </vignette>
	<vignette year="1947" month="2" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Leduc No. 1 oil well brought into production. The well produced 41 barrels 
			of oil in its first hour of operation
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1948" month="3" day="8">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Blowout of Atlantic No. 3 oil well. The well was located not far from
			Leduc. It burned for six months before finally being brought under control
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1948" month="9" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			After burning out of control for six months, the blowout of the Atlantic 
			No. 3 oil well is finally brought under control.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1952" month="6" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			WWI flying ace and bush pilot Wop May died during a hike near American
			Fork, Utah, USA, at the age of 56.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1956" month="2" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Aylesworth Perry, fifth Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police,
			died in Ottawa, Ontario, at the age of 95.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1967" month="12" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Provincial Museum and Archives opens in Edmonton, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1970" month="7" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Queen Elizabeth II opened the &quot;Red River Buffalo Hunt&quot; diorama by Clarence
			Tillenius at the Manitoba Museum of Man and Nature in Winnipeg, Manitoba.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1978" month="4" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first segment of Edmonton's LRT (light rail transit) system
			opened for service, connecting Belvedere Station to Central Station.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1978" month="8" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			11th Commonwealth Games opened in Edmonton, Alberta. The Games
			were officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1978" month="8" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			11th Commonwealth Games closed in Edmonton, Alberta. 
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1981" month="4" day="26">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A northeast extension of Edmonton's LRT (light rail transit) comes 
			into operation	with a new station at Clareview.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1981" month="5" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The first C-Train (light rail transit) line opens in Calgary, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1982" month="4" day="17">
		<text><![CDATA[
			<I>Canadian Constitution Act</I> signed into law by Queen Elizabeth II in a
			ceremony in Ottawa, Ontario. The Act includes the <I>Canadian Charter of
			Rights and Freedoms</I> as Part 1. Pierre Elliott Trudeau, Prime Minister 
			at the time, signed on behalf of Canada
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1984" month="5" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Edmonton Oilers win their first Stanley Cup, in a final against
			the New York Islanders.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1985" month="1" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Helen Hunley appointed Lieutenant Governor of Alberta, the first 
			female to hold that post.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1985" month="9" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			To widespread public acclaim, the Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology opens
			in Drumheller, Alberta, and features spectacular exhibitions of dinosaurs.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1987" month="7" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A tornado touched down and tore through east central Edmonton, killing
			27 people and causing widespread property damage. It is Edmonton's most
			significant natural disaster.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1988" month="2" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			XV Olympic Winter Games opened in Calgary, Alberta. The Games were
			officially opened by Canada's Governor-General Jeanne Sauv&eacute;
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1988" month="2" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			XV Olympic Winter Games closed in Calgary, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1991" month="3" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Helen Hunley's term as Lieutenant Governor of Alberta ends. She was the first 
			female to hold that post.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1991" month="8" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Hottest day for 20 years in Edmonton, up to 34&deg;C.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1992" month="2" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Lawrence D. Halmrast died in Milk River, Alberta, at the age of 66. He donated a large
			firearms collection to the Provincial Museum of Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1992" month="6" day="27">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Wanuskewin Heritage Park, located just outside Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 
			opens to the public.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1992" month="8" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			After high temperatures (30&deg;C) earlier in the week, on this Friday
			Edmonton experienced near-freezing temperatures and heavy wet snow with 
			2 cm accumulation in the city and between 5 cm and 15 cm in surrounding areas. 
			This was the earliest snowfall since meteorological record-keeping began 
			in Edmonton in 1884.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1992" month="8" day="23">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A further southern extension of Edmonton's LRT (light rail transit) comes into operation
			with a new station at the University. The line extension from Grandin included a new
			bridge across the North Saskatchewan River.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1995" month="8" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Aviator and bush pilot Punch Dickins died in Toronto, Ontario,
			at the age of 96.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1996" month="6" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Governor-General Rom&eacute;o LeBlanc declared that June 21 would be
			celebrated annually as National Aboriginal Day. The proclamation was
			made in Ottawa, Ontario.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1996" month="6" day="21">
		<text><![CDATA[
			First celebration of National Aboriginal Day. 
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1997" month="5" day="4">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Peak of the Red River Flood in Manitoba, nicknamed 'The Flood of the
			Century'.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1997" month="5" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Heavy wet snow, up to 50 cm in some areas, fell in central Alberta,
			causing great damage to trees that were just leafing out, especially in
			the parks and along the streets of Edmonton.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="1997" month="9" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Grand opening of the Francis Winspear Centre for Music in Edmonton, Alberta,
			Canada.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2000" month="5" day="15">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of Grant MacEwan, the 9th Lieutenant Governor of Alberta, in
			Calgary, Alberta, at the age of 97.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2000" month="7" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			More than a year's worth of rainfall (375 mm) was received in just six
			hours in Vanguard, Saskatchewan. The torrential downpour caused
			extensive damage and road wash-outs.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2000" month="7" day="14">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A tornado touched down in Pine Lake, central Alberta, causing extensive
			damage, killing 12 people and injuring at least 100 more. The severe
			storm that generated the tornado continued eastwards and caused
			widespread damage in a swath across central Alberta and Saskatchewan,
			including the Kinistino area.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2001" month="8" day="3">
		<text><![CDATA[
			8th World Championships in Athletics opens at the Commonwealth Stadium 
			in Edmonton, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2001" month="8" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			8th World Championships in Athletics closes at the Commonwealth Stadium 
			in Edmonton, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2004" month="7" day="11">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A torrential rainstorm dumped more than 150 mm of rainfall in less than
			an hour on some parts of south and west Edmonton. The storm caused
			flooding and property damage, as drains backed up and basements
			flooded. Flash floods coursed along roads, especially the Whitemud
			Freeway, and washed out roadways.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2005" month="5" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The Provincial Museum of Alberta is designated the Royal Alberta Museum by
			Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II in commemoration of the province's
			Centennial.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2005" month="6" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Andy Russell, outfitter and conservationist especially noted for raising public
			awareness of grizzly bears, died in Pincher Creek, Alberta, at the age of 89.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2006" month="1" day="1">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A further southern extension of Edmonton's LRT (light rail transit) comes into operation
			with a new station at Health Sciences on the University of Alberta campus.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2006" month="4" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Book launch for <I>Alberta Formed - Alberta Transformed</I>, edited by 
			Michael Payne, Donald G. Wetherell, and Catherine Cavanaugh, the centennial
			history of Alberta. The book launch was held at Rutherford House on the
			University of Alberta campus. 
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2006" month="5" day="9">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Many tense moments as Royal Alberta Museum staffers participated at a distance in an
			auction at Sotheby's in New York. At the end of the sale, the Museum had acquired 
			33 of 43 pieces in the Southesk collection.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2007" month="10" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			New daily temperature record set in Edmonton with a summer-like
			25&deg;C.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2008" month="1" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Extreme low temperatures across the Prairies. At Edmonton International
			Airport, a temperature of -44&deg;C was recorded at 6 am, only one
			degree above the historical low for this day. With a light breeze, this
			gave a 'feels-like' temperature of -54&deg;C.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2008" month="4" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			An unexpected spring snowfall dropped about 23 cm wet snow on Calgary,
			most of it before 10 am, breaking previous records for this day.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2008" month="4" day="13">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Edmontonians thought that summer had arrived with a brief one-day
			occurrence of record high temperatures. At Edmonton International
			Airport, temperatures reached a record 24.2&deg;C at 3 pm. Sadly, more
			seasonal, cooler, temperatures returned the next day.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2008" month="6" day="19">
		<text><![CDATA[
			In a ceremony at Canada House in London, England, His Royal Highness, 
			Prince Edward, transferred the collection of Sir Samuel Steele's papers and
			memorabilia to Canadian hands. The collection is housed at the Bruce
			Peel Special Collections Library at the University of Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2008" month="11" day="20">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A large meteorite streaked across the sky of central Alberta. Pieces of
			the meteorite were later found in Buzzard Coulee, Saskatchewan,
			southeast of Lloydminster.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2009" month="3" day="28">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Publication of <I>Who Killed Jackie Bates? Murder and Mercy During the 
			Great Depression</I>, an examination by historian Bill Waiser of a 
			1933 murder in central Saskatchewan.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2009" month="4" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Southern extension of Edmonton's LRT (light rail transit) comes into operation
			with stations at McKernan/Belgravia and South Campus.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2009" month="7" day="18">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A violent thunderstorm swept through Edmonton in late evening. Winds
			reached 105 km/hour and caused widespread damage including downed trees
			and powerlines.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2009" month="9" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			The former Grant MacEwan Community College in Edmonton was officially renamed
			Grant MacEwan University, making it Alberta's sixth university.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2010" month="1" day="31">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Grand opening of the newly-renovated and renamed Art Gallery of Alberta 
			in Edmonton, Alberta.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2010" month="4" day="24">
		<text><![CDATA[
			A further southern extension of Edmonton's LRT (light rail transit) 
			comes into operation with stations at Southgate and Century Park.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2010" month="10" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Helen Hunley, politician and the first female Lieutenant Governor of
			Alberta, died in Rocky Mountain House, Alberta, at the age of 90.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2010" month="11" day="7">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Exactly 125 years after the driving of the Last Spike at Craigellachie,
			British Columbia, Canada's federal government declares that November 7 
			will be celebrated annually as Canada's National Railway Day.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2011" month="9" day="25">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Record-breaking fall temperatures in central Alberta, reaching 31.4&deg;C
			in Edmonton.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2012" month="1" day="22">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of artist Clarence Tillenius, in Manitoba, at the age of 98. 
			He was well known for his work on museum dioramas including the Mountain Goat
			diorama in the <I>Wild Alberta Gallery</I> at the Royal Alberta Museum.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2012" month="4" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Death of artist John Weaver, in Hope, British Columbia, Canada, at the age of 92. 
			Well known for his sculptures in bronze, he created three large bronze 
			artworks for the lobby while working as	the Provincial Museum of Alberta's 
			resident sculptor, 1966-1971.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2012" month="7" day="12">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Between about 2:30 am and 4:00 am, an intense thunderstorm dumped about 70 mm of
			rain, as well as cherry-sized hail, on Edmonton and area, flooding 
			the Whitemud Freeway, other streets and many basements. Sleep was impossible with 
			nearly continuous thunder and lightning for most of the night.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2012" month="8" day="10">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Some time during the night of August 9 to 10, a large chunk of Ghost Glacier fell
			off the side of Mount Edith Cavell, Jasper National Park, Alberta, and 
			into the meltwater lake at the foot of the slope.
			The impact caused the lake to overflow and sent a flood of water, debris and ice downvalley,
			taking out parts of the trail system, damaging the parking lot, destroying an outhouse,
			and leaving a thick layer of mud and debris on the access road. Luckily, because this happened
			at night when no visitors were present, there were no injuries or loss of life.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2012" month="9" day="2">
		<text><![CDATA[
			As part of the celebrations marking the 100 year anniversary of the opening of
			Alberta's Legislature Building, the time-capsule placed beneath the cornerstone 
			in 1909 was opened. Some of the contents had suffered moisture-damage and were 
			very fragile. Contents included blueprints for the building, a Bible, a sheepskin scroll,
			some newspaper items, a penny and a quarter.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2013" month="3" day="29">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Ralph Klein, Premier of Alberta (1992-2006), died in Calgary, Alberta, at the 
			age of 70.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>
	<vignette year="2013" month="5" day="6">
		<text><![CDATA[
			Record-breaking temperatures in Edmonton, reaching 31.3&deg;C at the International
			Airport. Edmonton was also the hottest place in the country.
		]]></text>
	</vignette>

</wcanhist>
